中文摘要：

采用粉末冶金的方法制备出含纳米Nbse2（1％-9％（质量比））的铜．石墨复合材料。在UMT-2及超低温摩擦磨损试验机上进行材料摩擦实验，通过x射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜分析其物相及磨痕形貌，并探论了复合材料在大气、真空试验条件下的磨损机理。结果表明：加入Nbse2可显著提高铜基复合材料的摩擦学性能；真空干摩擦条件下添加NbSe2（5．5％）自润滑材料的摩擦因数更小（μ=0．185），承载能力更高。其磨损机理是粘着磨损、接触疲劳磨损共同作用的结果。

英文摘要：

The copper-graphite composite material containing NbSe2 nanowires （ 1% - 9% （wt.） ）was synthesized by powder metallurgy. The impacts of the synthesis conditions, such as the sintering temperature, addition of NbSe2 nanowires, and content ratio of copper and graphite, on the tribological properties in air and in vacuum were investigated. The micmstructures, phase structures, and mechanical behavior were characterized with X-ray diffraction, scanning elec- tron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and UMT-2 tribometer. The results show that addition of NbSe2 nanowims significantly improves the tribological properties of the copper-based self-lubricatedcom- posites. For instance, the copper-graphite composite with 5.5 % of NbSe2 nanowires has a lower friction coefficient （μ = 0. 185） between dry surfaces in vacuum,and higher carrying capacity than the control sample.We found that a combina- tion of adhesive wear and contact fatigue wear may account for the wear mechanism.