中文摘要：

胃癌的发生发展涉及多个分子信号通路和许多细胞因子,其中比较重要的包括PI3K/AKT、MAPK通路,HER、VEGF/VEGFR、MET等生长因子及受体家族,COX-2、NF-κB、STAT、白介素家族等炎症相关因子,他们参与了胃癌细胞凋亡抑制、增殖促进、周期调控以及胃癌侵袭迁移、血管生成等过程。这些因子在胃癌中特异性表达,可以作为肿瘤标记物用于胃癌的靶向治疗,相应药物多已进入临床试验阶段。在上述理论基础上,胃癌靶向诊断也有了新的进展,闪烁扫描法、内镜等手段逐渐趋于成熟,但特异性探针的研究多处于临床前期阶段,仍有待进一步的发展。

英文摘要：

Multiple cellular factors and molecular signal pathways including PI 3K/AKT pathway;MAPK pathway;growth factors and receptors like HER , VEGF/VEGFR and MET ;inflammation‐related factors like COX‐2 ,NF‐κB ,STAT and interleukins ,are involved in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer ,these factors play a key role in apoptosis inhibition ,proliferation promotion and cell cycle regulation of gastric cancer cells ,as well as invasion ,migration and angiogenesis of stomach malignancy .They are also expressed at a higher level in gastric cancer tissue compared with normal gastric mucosa and characterized as biomarkers ,whose target therapies mostly have been in clinical trials . Based on these theoretical foundations , the research on molecular diagnosis of gastric cancer has made some progress .Instruments for target detection tend to be mature .However , the research of molecular probes is still in pre‐clinical trials ,which remains to be further developed .