中文摘要：

为了揭示新疆棉花高产机理,探讨提高单产的途径,在棉花膜下滴灌高产条件下采用大田创建高产田和小区控制试验相结合的方法,研究了不同群体条件下棉花叶面积载荷量与光合物质生产的关系及其对冠层结构的调节。结果表明：不同产量水平下,提高叶面积载荷量,有利于在保持较高叶面积指数的基础上,增大平均叶倾角,降低群体散射辐射透过系数,提高群体光截获率,进而增加产量。不同源库大小的条件下,去除1/2叶的处理可使叶面积载荷量增大,但终因光合面积太小,产量下降;去除1/4叶的处理可使叶面积载荷量显著增大,进而提高源叶光合速率,增加14C光合产物向蕾铃运输的比例,最终提高产量。因此,控制叶面积指数在适宜范围内,通过协调关键栽培技术,提高叶面积载荷量,进而培育优良的冠层结构,提高光合生产能力,对实现新疆棉花超高产稳产具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

To expoler the physiological mechanism of high yield cotton in Xinjiang systematically and impove yield further,this study investigated the relationship of sink capacity of unit leaf area to photosynthetic rate,partitioning of 14C-assimilate and regulate effect on canopy structure during flowering and boll-setting stage in high-yield cotton.The results indicated under the different yield level condition,the increasing sink capacity load of unit leaf areas could enhance leaf area index and mean foliage inclination angle and reduce canopy transparent coefficient for defuse penetration.Ultimately,the yield was increased.Under the different source and sink condition,anlthough the sink capacity of unit leaf area is high,the photosynthetic area is very small,and the yield could be decreased when leaves were cutted 1/2.However,when leaves were cutted 1/4,the sink capacity of unit leaf area was significantly higher than those in control,as well as the leaf photosynthetic rate had increased and more 14C-assimilate could transport to square of cotton.Conclusively,the yield exceeed that of control.These results suggest that it will be of great importance to obain super high yield and stable yield of Xinjinag through increasing the sink capacity of unit leaf area when leaf area index was cntrolled in a moderate range.