中文摘要：

本文以柴达木盆地为研究区，对2000年、2005年 TM影像和2010年CCD数据三个时相的遥感影像进行人机交互式的解译，分别计算了2000～2010年森林、草地、水域、农田、城镇用地和未利用地的土地利用类型转移矩阵，并对各类型景观格局指数进行了提取，在此基础上分析了土地利用变化与景观格局的演变特征。结果表明，在土地利用变化中，首先是未利用地，面积减少最大，其次是水域，面积增加最大；再次是城市和森林，面积均呈增加趋势；最后是草地和农田，草地的面积先增后减，总体上呈减少趋势，农田的面积未发生较大的变化。从景观斑块类型来看，城镇用地各指数变化最大，城镇用地的斑块所占景观类型百分比、聚集度和斑块个数均呈增加态势，面积加权平均斑块分形指数则呈减小态势，说明盆地受人类活动影响加剧；城镇用地在由中心向外扩张的过程中，空间分布较紧凑且连接性较好；与此同时城镇用地分割了其他类型的景观，导致盆地的景观空间异质性增大。从景观整体水平来看，斑块个数、斑块密度、边缘密度、散布与并列指数、香农多样性指数和香农平均度指数均呈增加趋势，周长面积分维指数、斑块凝聚度、相似邻接百分比、聚集度则呈减小趋势，这说明十年间柴达木盆地景观格局总体呈现空间异质性和破碎化程度增加的趋势。

英文摘要：

Based on the interpretation data of TM/ETM and HJ -1 remote sensing ,this article ana‐lyzed the land use change and landscape pattern of Qaidam basin in year 2000 ,2005 and 2010 ,calculated land transfer matrixes of six first level classes （woodland ,grassland ,water ,farmland ,urban land and un‐used land） extracted twelve kinds of landscape indexes in corresponding time. The results showed that from the view of land transfer matrix ,the greatest change of Qaidam basin occurred in unused land and water body ,among which the former showing a trend of declining and the latter changed inversely. Next comes with urban land and woodland ,they all showing a trend of increasing. Different to the simple trend of above four land use types ,grassland showed a more complex trend of firstly increased and then de‐creased ,and the decreased farmland turned into grassland mainly. From the view of Landscape Patch In‐dex ,in past ten years ,the biggest change took place in urban land ,whose value of Patch Number ,Land‐scape Percent and Cohesion Index increased while ,the Area‐weighted Mean Patch Fractal Dimension re‐duced ,w hich indicating a more compact land use pattern and an improved connectivity of urban land use or in other word ,an increasing trend of landscape heterogeneity resulting from city sprawling. From the view of whole Landscape ,the indexes of Patch Number ,Patch Density ,Edge Density ,Interspersion and Juxta‐position Index ,as well as Shannon indexes of Diversity and Evenness showed a trend of rising ,while Per‐imeter Area Fractal Dimension ,Patch Cohesion Index ,Proportion of Like Adjacency and Aggregation In‐dex revealed a trend of reducing. Which indicating an increasing trend of landscape heterogeneity and land‐scape fragmenting in Qaidam basin. At the end of the article ,some countermeasures were produced ac‐cording to the dominant problems of land use change and landscape pattern indexes as well.