中文摘要：

利用制浆造纸废料碱木质素制备了木质素基磷酸酯季铵盐两性表面活性剂，以此表面活性剂为结构导向剂，采用直接沉淀法一步制备了纳米氧化锌材料，XRD、EDS和SAED分析结果表明，产物为高结晶度的多晶六方纤维锌矿氧化锌，粒径在30nm左右；SEM和TEM分析可知，所合成的纳米氧化锌为具有粒子-片层-粒子三级结构的纳米材料，氧化锌主要沿着[101]和[100]晶面生长。同时对所制备的纳米氧化锌进行了紫外光催化降解亚甲基蓝的研究，实验结果显示，该纳米氧化锌有较好的光催化活性。

英文摘要：

A novel template of zwitterionic surfactants, Lignin-phosphate quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized from the basic lignin, which is byproduct of pulp industry. This template was used to prepare nano ZnO by direct reaction precipitation method. The structures and morphologies of as-synthesize ZnO were characterized by XRD, EDS, SEM, SAED and HRTEM. XRD, SAED and EDS studies showed that the fine hexagonal wurtzite ZnO particles were obtained form this process, which were poly phase crystals and diameter of particles were about 30nm. SEM and TEM studies revealed that the Morphologies of ZnO display particles-sheet-particles structure, ZnO were mainly elongated along the [101] and [100] direction. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated by degradation of methylene blue （MB） under UV Light radiation. The photocatalytic degradation curve indicated that as-synthesized ZnO had good performance as photocatalytic catalyst.