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中文摘要：
扬姆孙散射是低能光子与自由电子之间的弹性散射．因为汤姆孙散射光谱携带着等离子体涨落的信息，通过测量汤姆孙散射光谱可以高精度地测量等离子体的多种参数，如电子温度、电子密度、等离子体流速等等．经过多年的发展，汤姆孙散射已经成为等离子体物理研究中最重要的一种诊断工具。
英文摘要：
Thomson scattering is the process in which a low-energy photon scatters from a free electron. When a laser pulse propagates through a plasma, the spectrum of the scattered light due to the Thomson scattering is pro- portional to the power spectrum of the electron density fluctuations, i. e. , dynamic form factor, from which various plasma parameters can be inferred, such as electron temperature and plasma flow velocity. After years of develop- ment, Thomson scattering has now become a powerful diagnostic tool of plasma physics.
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Angular distribution and conversion of multi-keV L-shell X-ray sources produced from nanosecond lase
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