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珠江三角洲陆路运输网络效率测度及其演化

ISSN号：1003-2398
期刊名称：人文地理
时间：2014.4.15
页码：76-82
分类：F542[经济管理—产业经济]
作者机构：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510275, [2]陕西师范大学交通地理与空间规划研究所,西安710062, [3]陕西师范大学西北国土资源研究中心,西安710062
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（41171139;41130747）;国家留学基金项目（201206380017）
相关项目：城市公共交通可达性对小汽车拥有及使用决策的影响研究

关键词：运输网络效率, 时空演化, 陆路运输网络, 珠江三角洲, transport network efficiency, spatiotemporal evolution, road and rail transport network, Pearl River Delta （PRD）

中文摘要：

构建运输网络效率测度模型，对珠江三角洲27个县域单元1980年代以来运输网络效率的时空演化特征进行分析，结论表明：相较传统的通达性指标，网络效率指标在识别交通网络发展状况方面更有效；珠三角运输网络效率空间分异模式与通达性空间分异模式有较大差异，网络效率低值点和高值点同时存在于核心和外围地区；1988--2008年，随着珠三角陆路交通网络的发展，运输网络效率空间格局从原有的南北向“走廊”分布态势，转变为东西向面状均衡分布格局；运输网络效率水平大幅提升，网络效率平均值从4．42减少到1．41小时，变化率达到68．09％。各城市陆路运输网络效率与其城市发展关系表现为高度支撑型、基本支撑型、基本适应型及高度适应型四类。

英文摘要：

Efficiency analysis is an optimization-based index widely used to measure the relative efficiencies of a transport system. However, the literature on transport efficiency mainly focused on transport agencies, and pays little attention to the efficiency of regional transport network from geographical perspective. Trans- port network efficiency refers to the comparison between the real values of the ability that meets the demand for passenger and freight traffic with the optimal values during the process of transport network develop- ment, with spatial, temporal and social economic characteristics. Based on the road and railway network data of 1988, 1998 and 2008 in the Pearl River Delta （PRD）, this paper presents and evaluates transport network- based efficiency measures for assessing the network efficiency of the transport network in the Pearl River Delta （PRD） over the period 1988-2008. In this paper, the network-based efficiency measures consider the relative ease of access in terms of weighted network travel cost within the network. Compared with tradition- al accessibility measures, the network-based efficiency measures are capable of measuring and single out the effect of transport infrastructure improvements. Finally, our findings suggest that future development of transport network in China should be improved by restructuring and optimizing the transport network struc- ture, especially to the necessity of building an open and efficient integrated transport system.

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