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黄土丘陵沟壑区不同雨强下坡长对坡面土壤侵蚀的影响

ISSN号：0564-3945
期刊名称：土壤通报
时间：0
页码：721-725
分类：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学;农业科学—农业基础科学]
作者机构：[1]江西省水土保持科学研究所,江西南昌330029, [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环与地表过程重点实验室,北京100101, [3]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070
相关基金：国家自然基金重点项目（40635027）国家自然基金面上项目（40971165）资助; 黄河水利委员会治黄专项（黄水保200651-02）
相关项目：细沟侵蚀发育过程及空间形态的三维数字模拟

关键词：黄土丘陵沟壑区, 坡长, 土壤侵蚀, Hilly loess region on the Loess Plateau, Slope length, Soil erosion

中文摘要：

坡长对土壤侵蚀的影响可能随雨强不同而发生变异,采用岔巴沟流域径流场资料对该问题进行了研究。分析了不同雨强范围下坡长对土壤侵蚀的影响,探讨了坡面土壤侵蚀的临界坡长。结果表明,坡长与土壤侵蚀的关系受雨强效应的影响;团山沟坡面坡长与土壤侵蚀的关系在I30高于和低于0.21 mm min^-1表现出不同的规律：当I30≤0.21 mm min^-1即小雨强范围时,随着坡长从20 m到60 m的增加,土壤侵蚀模数而逐渐减小,此时,土壤侵蚀模数随坡长的变化趋势与径流模数随坡长变化的趋势相同;当I30〉0.21 mm min^-1即大雨强范围时,随着坡长从20 m到60 m的增加,土壤侵蚀模数先增加后趋于稳定,土壤侵蚀模数随坡长变化的趋势与径流平均含沙量随坡长变化的趋势相同;坡面土壤侵蚀的临界坡长非定值,是关于I30的函数。

英文摘要：

The relationship between soil erosion and slope length may change with rainfall intensity.In this paper,data of runoff plots in Tuanshangou subbasin was used to study this issue.The influence of slope length on soil erosion under different rainfall intensity was analyzed,and then the critical slope length of soil erosion was discussed.The results showed that the relationship between soil erosion and slope length changed with rainfall intensity.The relationship between the slope length and soil erosion was different when I30 was either more than 0.21 mm min-1 or less than 0.21 mm min-1： when I30 was less than 0.21 mm min-1,i.e.low rainfall strength,with the increase of slope length from 20 m to 60 m,soil erosion modulus decreased,and the changing trend of soil erosion modulus against slope length was identical with that of runoff modulus against the slope length;when I30 was more than 0.21 mm min^-1,i.e.high rainfall strength,with the increase of slope length from 20 m to 60 m,soil erosion modulus increased at first and then stabilized,and the change of soil erosion modulus against slope length was identical to that of average runoff sediment concentration.The critical slope gradient of soil erosion was non-fixed value,which was a function of I30.

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