中文摘要：

目的：了解医院感染病原菌的分布及耐药性，为临床合理性用药提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2012年医院15874例住院患者分离的病原菌分布及耐药性，数据采用WHONET 5．4进行统计处理。结果共检出4178株病原菌，其中革兰阴性菌2948株占70．56％，革兰阳性菌603株占14．43％，真菌227株占5．43％，其他400株占9．58％；主要肠杆菌属对常用抗菌药物的耐药率较高，但对亚胺培南完全敏感；葡萄球菌属对青霉素类药物有较高的耐药率均＞95．00％，对多数抗菌药物敏感率低，未检出耐万古霉素菌株。结论了解主要病原菌对抗菌药物的耐药率，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据，能有效预防与控制耐药菌在该地区的传播和医院感染。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens ,so as to provide suggestions for clinical treatments .METHODS The drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from 15 874 patients during 2012 was retrospectively analyzed .The data were analyzed by WHONET 5 .4 software .RESULTS A total of 4 178 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected .Of them ,2948 strains were gram‐negative bacteria （70 .50% ） , 603 strains were gram‐positive bacteria （14 .43% ） ,227 strains were fungi （5 .43% ） and other 400 strains accoun‐ted for 9 .58% .The resistance rate of Enterobacter spp for commonly antimicrobial drugs were high ,but imipen‐em were fully sensitive .Most Staphylococcus spp have strongly drug resistance to penicillin class of drugs ,and showed low susceptibility rate for most antimicrobial , but no vancomycin‐resistant strains were detected . CONCLUSION Analyzing the drug resistance rate of main pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics can provide rational use of antimicrobial drugs for clinical ,which could reduce the rate of hospital′s infection and region dissemination effectively .