中文摘要：

通过石炭酸品红、Hoechst33342、蛋白银及免疫荧光标记等染色方法对草履虫接合生殖过程进行了重新观察，结果发现：1）新月核是第一次减数分裂前期小核的主要形态学特征，在核内有一未被石炭酸品红、Hoechst33342着色区域，蛋白银染色则清楚显示该结构；2）4个单倍体减数分裂产物中的1个核进入口旁锥完成配前第三次核分裂，其余3核退化。蛋白银染色和抗a微管蛋白单克隆抗体进行免疫荧光标记显示，核进入口旁锥的时期在第二次减数分裂末期而非减数分裂结束后；3）配前第三次分裂末期，核间连丝的中间段有一被蛋白银识别的结构，但免疫荧光标记却无显示，只表现为纤维状结构与两侧核间连丝相连。观察结果为草履虫接合生殖过程中相关分子生物学机制研究奠定了必要的形态学基础。

英文摘要：

During conjugation of Paramecium caudatum, nuclear events occur in a scheduled program. Morphological studies on nuclear behavior during conjugation of P. caudatum have been performed since the end of the 19th century. Here we report on new details concerning the conjugation of P. caudatum through the staining of conjugating ceils with protargol, carbol fuchsin solution, Hoechst 33342 and immunofluorescence labeling with monoclonal antibody of anti-a tubulin. 1） The crescent nucleus is a characteristic of the meiotic prophase of P. caudatum, has an unstained area. We stained this area with protargol, which was separated from the chromatin area and was not detected by the other stainings. 2） In regards to the four meiotic products, it has long been considered that only one product enters the paroral cone region （PC） and survives after meiosis. However, our protargol and immunofluorescence labeling results indicated that PC entrance of the meiotic product happened before the completion of meiosis instead of after. 3） In our previous study, protargol staining indicated the presence of a swollen structure around the central part of the ＂U＂ and ＂V＂ shaped spindles connecting the two types of prospective pronuclei. However, immunofluorescence labeling with anti-a tubulin antibodies gave a different image from protargol. All these observations form the basis for further studies of their molecular mechanisms.