海洋天然气水合物在地球物理资料上具有典型的似海底反射(BSR)特征,同时表现有振幅空白反射、低地震频率、高波阻抗及三类AVO响应等地球物理特征.根据最近油气勘探地震资料分析,在西沙海域沉积层中发现典型的BSRs,BSR一般分布在海底以下300~400 m,与地层斜交,还在BSR之上发现振幅空白,空白反射的时间厚度大约为50~100 ms.在叠前地震道集上,BSR下伏的游离气层具有三类AVO响应特征.综合地震振幅、频率、波阻抗、叠前道集响应等地球物理特征,推断西沙海域存在广泛分布的天然气水合物.
Marine gas hydrates are usually characterized by typical bottom seafloor reflection (BSR), blank zone, and low seismic, frequency, high P-impedance and type III AVO. According to the analyses of new seismic data, we indentified typical BSRs in the sediments of the Xisha waters. BSRs occurred 300~400 m below seafloor and crossed the sedimentary layers. The blank zone occurred above BSR with thickness of 50~100 ms. In the prestack, Free gas below BSRs has type III AVO. All geophysical evidence suggested that the gas hydrates were widely distributed in Xisha waters.