中文摘要：

学术背景：高跟鞋对人体的影响是不可忽视的。脚后跟的抬高，使得足部的压力重新分配，下肢乃至全身的骨肌系统的受力状态都会与穿着平底鞋时不同。 目的：综合分析高跟鞋引发的人体损伤及其生物力学作用机制的研究状况和进展，并探讨进一步系统研究的方法。 检索策略：由第一作者检索Sciencedirect及中国期刊全文数据库1980-01／2006-12有关高跟鞋引发人体损伤及其生物力学作用机制的文献，检索词为生物力学，高跟鞋，步态，足部压力，医学工程学（biomechanics，highheels，gait，plantarpressure，medical engineering），中英文文献全部纳入。对资料进行初审，排除重复、年代久远的文献和综述，对剩余文献进行分析。共收集相关论文212篇，52篇符合纳入标准，选择其中28篇用于综述。 文献评价：28篇文献中6个实验阐述了穿着高跟鞋对人体的伤害问题；15个实验阐述了穿着高跟鞋时人体的步态问题；7个实验阐述了穿着高跟鞋对人体足部的力学特性问题。 资料综合：①高跟鞋在给予穿着者美感的同时，会引发拇外翻、小趾内翻、胼胝、跟腱炎等足部疾病。②通过步态分析、足底压力分析、下肢肌电信号测量分析及三维有限元方法，了解不同高度的鞋跟对人体骨骼肌系统，特别是足部骨骼肌系统生物力学行为的影响及作用机制。③穿着高跟鞋改变足底压力水平及其分布，膝关节和踝关节弯曲角度有明显不同，且步幅、步长、最大膝曲屈角、踝关节弯曲角度等都有显著变化。 结论：长期穿着高跟鞋可引起相关足部及下肢疾病，步态试验和足底压力测量技术是定量分析高跟鞋生物力学作用的有效方法，高跟鞋对上肢及全身的生物力学作用尚不明确。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： Effects of high heels on human can not be neglected, and the lifted heel redistributes pressure of foot. Musculoskeletal status of low limb and whole body is different from that of wearing flattie. OBJECTIVE： To synthesize and analyze the effects of high heels on human body and the biomechanical characteristic of high heels, and further discuss the systematic research method. RETRIEVE STRATEGY： A computer-based search was conducted in Sciencedirect and CNKI for articles related to high heels effects and its biomechanical characteristics published from January 1980 to December 2006, with the key words of ＂biomechanics, high heels, gait, sole pressure, medical engineering＂. The language was limited to both English and Chinese. Data were checked firstly, and the outdated and duplicated researches and reviews were excluded. The rest articles were analyzed and summarized. A total of 212 articles were selected, among which 52 met the inclusive criteria. Twenty-eight articles were collected for review. LITERATURE EVALUATION： During the 28 literatures, six literatures were about human deterioration caused by wearing high heels, fifteen experiments clarified gait after wearing high heels, and seven experiments notified the plantar pressure distribution. DATA SYNTHESIS： ①The high heels cause foot diseases including hallux valgus, toe enstrophe, plantar callus, achilles tendonitis as well as adorn the wearer. ②We can know well the mechanical situation of wearing high heels based on biomechanical analysis using gait assessment, plantar pressure measurement, electromyographic signal analysis of lower limb and three-dimensional finite element method.③High heels can change the plantar pressure distribution. Knee and ankle bending angles are obviously different with the average level, furthermore, the step length, knee flexion angle and ankle bending angle are also changed significantly. CONCLUSION： Long-term wearing high heels leads to foot and leg-related diseases. Gait test and planta