中文摘要：

为深入认识植物激素在小麦抗氧化和调控衰老中的作用机制，以持绿品种汶农6号和非持绿品种济麦20为材料，在盛花期后喷施脱落酸（ABA）和6-苄基腺嘌呤（6-BA），考察外源激素对旗叶衰老过程中生理生化指标动态变化以及籽粒产量的影响，并探讨了激素与衰老的关系。结果表明，汶农6号旗叶的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性、叶绿素含量及籽粒千粒重和产量均大于济麦20，且丙二醛（MDA）含量低于济麦20，表明持绿型品种抗氧化能力强，衰老进程较慢，进而获得较高产量。外源ABA和6-BA处理显著提高花后7～28d旗叶叶绿素含量，提高花后21～35d可溶性蛋白含量，显著降低花后28～35d旗叶MDA含量。外源ABA降低两品种旗叶玉米素（zR）含量，但提高生长素（IAA）和赤霉素（GA）含量，降低了其在花后28～35d的ABA含量。6-BA处理提高旗叶ZR含量及花后7～14dIAA含量，降低济麦20花后2l～35d旗叶ABA含量。外源ABA显著提高汶农6号花后7～21d旗叶SOD活性，喷施ABA对汶农6号旗叶POD和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性影响没有显著性影响，但显著提高了济麦20花后7～28dPOD活性，喷施6-BA提高了两品种7～28dSOD、POD和CAT活性。总之，ABA和6-BA处理改变了旗叶内源激素水平，提高抗氧化酶活性，降低MDA含量，延缓旗叶衰老，从而提高了籽粒产量。

英文摘要：

The effects of exogenous abscisic acid （ABA） and 6-benzyladenine （6-BA） on the contents of chlorophyll, malondial- dehyde （MDA）, and endogenous hormones and activities of antioxidant enzymes in flag leaf were investigated using stay-green wheat cultivar Wennong 6 and a control cultivar Jimai 20. The results showed that ABA and 6-BA obviously increased chlorophyll content from 7 days after anthesis （DAA） to 28 DAA. Likewise, the soluble protein contents in ABA-treated and 6-BA-treated plants significantly increased from 21 DAA to 35 DAA, while the MDA content decreased from 28 DAA to 35 DAA. Although ABA applications decreased endogenous zeatin （ZR） and ABA contents from 28 DAA to 35 DAA, the endogenous auxin （IAA） and gibberellin （GA） contents increased. In both cultivars, 6-BA significantly increased the ZR content, but decreased the ABA content in Jimai 20 from 21 DAA to 35 DAA. Exogenous ABA and 6-BA significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, while had no significant effects on peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT） activities in Wennong 6 and increased POD activity in Jimai 20 from 7 DAA to 28 DAA. Exogenous 6-BA significantly increased POD and CAT activities in both cultivars. Meanwhile, treatments with ABA and 6-BA significantly increased 1000-grain weight and yield, that had no effects on grain number per spike and spike number per square meter.