中文摘要：

[目的]研究20种农药对烟蚜茧蜂（Aphidius gifuensis）成蜂的毒性效应,初步评估农药对该种寄生性天敌在推荐剂量暴露下的环境风险。[方法]采用药膜法测定9种杀虫剂、8种除草剂及3种杀菌剂对烟蚜茧蜂成蜂的急性毒性,并根据田间推荐剂量计算暴露量,采用风险商值HQ对杀虫剂进行风险评估。[结果]杀虫剂对烟蚜茧蜂成蜂的急性毒性较高。其中,噻虫嗪和呋虫胺有明显的触杀毒性,半数致死浓度LC（50）分别为1.45、1.37 mg/L,而吡蚜酮LC（50）达到了518.45 mg/L。呋虫胺、噻虫嗪、丁硫克百威、丙溴磷对烟蚜茧蜂HQ值大于5。除草剂和杀菌剂在10倍田间推荐用量下,致烟蚜茧蜂的死亡率仍不到50%。[结论]呋虫胺、噻虫嗪、丁硫克百威、丙溴磷对烟蚜茧蜂存在风险,有必要继续开展高级阶段风险评估;除草剂和杀菌剂风险可接受。

英文摘要：

[Aims] The aims were to evaluate the safety of 20 pesticides to A. gifuensis, when the acute toxicities were tested. [Methods] The acute toxicities of 9 insecticides, 8 herbicides and 3 fungicides on adult parasitoids of A. gifuensis were tested under laboratory condition by the method of contacted film in glass tube. Insecticides risk was assessed with Hazard Quotient, while the recommended dose was used to calculate the exposure value. [Results] The results showed that the acute toxicities of insecticides to A. gifuensis were significantly higher than fugnicides and herbicides. Among the 9 insecticides, dinotefuran and thiamethoxam had obvious contact toxicities with median lethal concentration （LC50） of 1.45 and 1.37 mg/L, respectively, while the LCso value ofpymetrozine was 518.45 mg/L. HQ values of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, carbosulfan and profenofos were larger than 5. When the A. g/fuens/s were treated with 10 times of the field recommended dosages of herbicides and fungicides, the mortality did not reach to 50%. [Conclusions] The risks of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, carbosulfan and profenofos were not acceptable and it was recommended that the risk assessment of higher tier should be carried out for further research. The risks of hebicides and fungicides were acceptable.