中文摘要：

急性乙型肝炎患者体内有特异性和多克隆性的CTLs，而慢性乙型肝炎患者体内CTLs很少，只能识别单一抗原表位，因此病毒抗原表位特异性CTL免疫应答不足与HBV的慢性化有关。深入了解HBV抗原特异性CTLs的产生及其在病毒清除中的作用能够为新的抗病毒手段提供理论基础。

英文摘要：

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes （CTLs） are muhi-specific and polyclonal in patients with acute hepatitis B. However, in chronic hepatitis B patients, antigen-specific CTLs are barely detectable, and only single epitope can be recognized. Herein, there is a correlation between the insufficient epitope-specific CTLs immune response and the chronicity of HBV infection. A better understanding of the production of HBV antigen-specific CTLs and its role in viral clearance may provide a theoretical basis for novel antiviral treatment.