中文摘要：

运用分子生物学软件对金花茶、菊花、杜鹃、荷花、金银花、贯叶金丝桃、牡丹、龙胆、桃树、兜兰10种观赏植物的查尔酮合成酶基因（CHS）进行核酸序列预测和分析，采用邻接距离矩阵法构建了系统发育树，并进行系统发育分析，结果表明，（1）观赏植物查尔酮合成酶基因所编码蛋白质为稳定的疏水性单链蛋白质，以仪一螺旋和无规则卷曲为主；（2）可能在游离核糖体上合成后不经蛋白转运，直接在细胞质基质的特定部位中行使催化功能；（3）查尔酮合成酶的作用机制可能与组织特异性和发育阶段以及对外界不同刺激敏感程度相关；（4）查尔酮合成酶基因具有超基因家族，CHS基因在进化中存在基因重复与分歧，其保守性好，除桃树有2个外显子，其余植物只有1个外显子，且几种植物的CHS外显子剪切位点不同；（5）龙胆与其他植物的关系较远，杜鹃与金花茶、牡丹与菊花的关系都较近。

英文摘要：

The chalcone synzyme genes （CHS） of 10 ornamental plants including Chrysanthemum morifolium, Camellia nitidissima, Hypericum perforatum, Prunu spersica, Nelumbo nucifera, Paphiopedilum concolor, Lonice- ra japonica, Rhododendron simsii, Paeonia suffruticosa and Gentiana triflora, were studied. Amino acids se- quences analysis and protein prediction were conducted. The results of this study indicated that chalcone synzyme genes encoded stable single hydrophobic proteins, composed of random coil and ~-helix. They may play a special role in catalyzing in cytoplasmic matrix without transporting by protein, after they were synthesized on free ribo- somes. Mechanism of CHS may be related to tissue specificity and different developmental stage and the outside stimulation sensitivity. There were superfamilies, gene duplication and divergence in the evolution among CHS. The results also showed that Gentiana triflora had distant relationship from other plants, the genetic relationships between Rhododendron simsii and Lonicera japonica, Paeonia suffruticosa and Chrysanthemum morifolium were close.