中文摘要：

放射治疗在肿瘤治疗中发挥着重要作用。放射治疗增敏研究是目前放射生物学领域的热点问题。目前，结合DNA损伤应答机制的肿瘤放射敏感性研究多集中在DNA损伤修复、细胞周期阻滞和细胞凋亡三个方面，本文就DNA损伤应答机制和放射治疗增敏之间的相关性及研究进展做一述评。我们认为，这方面的深入研究将会有力地推进放射医学的发展，进而更好地造福于患者。

英文摘要：

Radiotherapy plays an important role in cancer treatment. Research on radiotherapy sensitization is a front-burner issue in the field of radiation biology currently. In this review, we summarized the physics and biology basis in radiotherapy. Recent advances in DNA damage response and radiotherapy sensitization are also discussed. It is likely that the new information will spur further research and applications of radiotherapy.