城市郊区具有优越的地理区位,受大城市经济辐射影响较大,农地流转具有独特性,并对其土地利用和农业发展有着较大影响。本文以广州市近郊番禺区为例,通过调研13个镇(街)467家农户的农地流转情况,获知番禺区农地流转特点:①农户流转意愿强,农户流转率高达75.59%;②流转价格集中在(1.20~2.25)×104元(/年·hm2),流转年限大部分低于5年;③流转主体主要为村委及村民,流转方式以租赁居多;④户均流转规模较小,流转面积为0.07~0.33hm2的占57.22%;⑤流转手续简单,规范性不强,仅有67.99%的农户签订流转合同。采用Logistic模型,从农户个人特征、家庭状况、资源禀赋、区位影响等4类因素10个因子对农地流转总体情况、农地转入、转出等三方面分别进行回归分析探寻其影响因素,结果显示不同因子的作用方向、影响程度与显著性表现均有所不同:家庭状况与资源禀赋对转入及转出影响较大,但作用互为相反,农户个人特征中仅年龄因子有显著影响,农地转出受区位影响较显著。
Reasonable farmland circulation is beneficial to farmland concentration,developing scale operation of agriculture,and improving profits and utilization of land resources.Metropolitan suburbs with superior geographic location and economic radiation influenced by metropolis,its farmland circulation has a particular characteristic.On the other hand,farmland circulation also influences land use and agriculture development.Based on data from a survey to 467 households conducted in Panyu District,Guangzhou City in July and August,2009,some interesting findings on farmland circulation were obtained:1) households' willingness of farmland circulation was so strong that the rate of farmland circulation was very high,reaching up to 75.59%,among which,the transferred-in reached up to 34.69%,and the transferred-out reached up to 44.75%;2) the prices of farmland circulation were between around 12000 and 22500 yuan/hectare per year.The contract period was frequently no more than five years;3) the subject of farmland circulation was diverse.Village's collectively organized and spontaneous circulations by farmer families accounted for 73.65% of the whole amount of farmland circulation,of which leasehold was the major type which accounted for 71.95%;4) the scale of household farmland circulation accounting for 57.22% was smaller than 0.33 hectares.In order to promote farmland circulation,the Panyu government made enormous efforts to encourage farmers;and 5) transfer procedures were simple and the standard was not strict.89.80% of households believed that it was very easy to realize farmland circulation but only 67.99% of household signed contracts.Furthermore,a logistic regressive model,involving variables like farmer personal characteristics,family condition,farmland resources,and location factor,was constructed to analyze farmland circulation.Results showed that the role of different factors on the impact and performance are vastly different:1) in farmland transferred-in model,the factors in a descending orde