中文摘要：

目的研究母乳喂养婴儿从4月龄开始进行为期2个月的预防性铁补充对其铁营养状况的影响。方法将123名4月龄母乳喂养的婴儿按照简单随机化方法分为补铁组（63名：、对照组（60名），补铁组进行为期2个月的小剂量补铁（每天1mg／kg），对照组不予干预，采集6月龄时静脉血测定C反应蛋白和各项铁营养状况指标，并定期监测其生长发育指标，比较6月龄男婴和：女婴各项铁营养状况指标水平。结果2个月的小剂量预防性补铁实验后，补铁组和对照组分别有26、34名婴儿完成随访，补铁组婴儿血红蛋白：营长的中位数（95％C1值）为5．5（-7．0～13．0）g/L，对照组为0．0（-9．0—15．0）g/L，补铁组血红蛋白增长高于对照组（u=-2．326，P〈0．05）；而两组婴儿其他铁营养状况指标及其体重、身长增长差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0．05）。6月龄时男婴和女婴平均红细胞体积分别为（75．89±3．34）、（77．20±3．17）n（t=4．73，P〈0．05），而其他铁营养状况指标性别差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0．05）。结论4月龄婴儿小剂量预防性补充铁剂可增加其6月龄时血红蛋白水平，且对生长发育无明显影响。

英文摘要：

Objective To analyze the effects to iron status who were given preventive iron supplements for two months from when they were breast-fed to four-month-old. Methods A total of 123 infants in four-month-old age who were breast-fed were randomly divided into iron supplementation group （63 eases） and control group （60 cases）, iron supplementation group was supplied with low-dos,e iron （ 1 mg . kg-1 . d -1 ） for two months with no intervention for control group. Blood sample.s were collected to test C reactive protein and iron status indicators in six-month-old age group infants, and the growth indices were measured and compared on the gender difference of iron status at 6 months. Results After 2 months of low-dose iron supplementation, the hemoglobin of iron supplementation group （26 cases） increased about 5.5 g/L while the control group（34 cases） increased about 0. 0 g/L（median） ,95% confidence intervals were -7.0 - 13.0 g/L and -9.0 - 15.0 g/L, respectively. The hemoglobin increase of iron supplementation group was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant （u = -2. 326, P 〈 0. 05）. The other iron nutritional status and the growth did not show any significant difference between iron supplementation group and control group （ all P values 〉 0. 05 ）. At age 6 months, the MCV of the boys were （ 75.89 ±3.34 ） fl, while the girls were （ 77.20 ± 3.17 ） fl. The boys had lower values of MCV than the girls, and the gender difference was statistically significant （ t = 4. 73, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The other iron nutritional status did not show any significant gender difference （ all P values 〉 0.05 ） . Conclusion Low-dose iron supplementation of breast-fed infants at 4-month-old could increase the hemoglobin level when they were 6-month-old, and had no measurable side effect on growth.