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中文摘要：
目的：探讨不同程度急性单侧睾丸缺血的二维、彩色多普勒（CDU）及超声造影表现与再灌注后睾丸病理变化的相关性。方法：32只大白兔随机分成对照组、缺血组（A、B、C组）,每组8只。缺血组在超声监测下制成不同程度的单侧睾丸缺血模型,A组,睾丸回声均匀、血流信号轻度减少;B组,睾丸回声不均匀、血流信号明显减少;C组,睾丸出现放射状或小片状低回声、血流信号消失。各组在出现上述声像图变化后予以再灌注。缺血前及再灌注前分别行双侧睾丸超声造影。1个月后观察各组缺血睾丸病理变化。比对分析各组超声表现与生精功能之间的关系。结果：超声造影：与对照组比较,A、B组缺血睾丸造影参数到达时间、速度、达峰时间、峰值减半时间有显著差异（P〈0.05）,峰值基础强度差A组无明显差异（P〉0.05）、B组有显著差异（P〈0.05）;C组无造影剂充盈。1个月后缺血睾丸Johnsen评分：与对照组（9.10±0.11）比较,A组（8.70±0.39）无显著差异（P〉0.05）,B组（6.01±0.88）有显著差异（P〈0.05）,C组（3.16±1.05）有极显著差异（P〈0.01）。结论：与CDU相比,超声造影能较好地反映缺血睾丸组织的血流灌注情况,睾丸缺血的不同超声表现与再灌注后生精功能明显相关,超声检查能对再灌注后睾丸生精功能的预测提供帮助。
英文摘要：
Objective： To discuss the correlation between sonographic appearance of different degrees of acute unilateral testicular ischemia and histological changes of the testis after reperfusion. Methods ： Thirty-two male rabbits were equally divided into a control （sham operation） group and 3 ischemia groups. Unilateral testicular ischemia models were established under the color Doppler uhrasound （CDU） observation and allocated according to different degrees of ischemia to Group A （ with homogeneous echoes and slightly decreased flow signals） , B （with heterogeneous echoes and obviously decreased flow signals） and C （with radial or small-shredded low echoes and absence of flow signals）. Then contrast-enhanced ultrasonography （CEUS） was performed, followed by reperfusion of the ischemic testes. A month later, the histological changes of the testes were observed and the correlation of the histological changes with the sonographic and CEUS manifestations was analyzed. Results： reperfusion rate, time-to-peak （ TTP）, half descent time （ DT/2 ） Concerning the CEUS parameters such as the arrival time （AT）, of the ischemic testes, Groups A and B showed significant differences from the control group （P 〈 0.05）. The peak-base difference （PBD） was significant in Group B （P 〈 0.05） but not in A （P 〉 0.05）, and no enhancement was seen in Group C. As for Johnson＇s scores obtained 1 month later, Group A exhibited no significant difference （8.70±0.39） （P 〉 0.05） , Group B showed significant difference （6.01 ± 0.88） （P 〈 0.05）, and Group C extremely significant difference （3.16± 1.05 ） （ P 〈 0. 001 ） from the control group （9.10 ±0.11 ）. Conclusion ： CEUS is superior to CDU in evaluating the perfusion of testicular ischemia. Sonographic appearances of testicular ischemia are significantly correlated with histological changes of the testis after reperfusion. Uhrasonography helps to predict the spermatogenetic function of ischemic tes
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