中文摘要：

通过新发现的原始期刊文献论证西北大学前身———晚清西安五学堂参与陕西辛亥革命以及西北大学诞生于辛亥革命的历史事实,为辛亥革命在西北的研究提供新线索。研究表明：西北大学的陕源前身陕西高等学堂、陕西法政学堂等五学堂均曾爆发以反清、保卫路矿权益为主的学潮,给行将覆灭的清廷以很大震动,是陕西辛亥革命的前奏;西北大学前身各学堂留日学生通过结社、办刊等形式,积极策应陕西反清斗争,还有马步云、张蔚森两位回国留日学生作为陕西代表参加了孙中山临时大总统就职典礼,并为陕西辛亥革命保卫战筹集军费;陕西辛亥起义的总司令部即设在陕西高等学堂内,教师和学生在组织炸弹队、攻克凤翔城、发动地方起义、维持地方治安、支持辛亥革命后军政府的财政等方面均发挥了积极作用;在秦陇复汉军政府的8个部16个正副部长中,5个部都由西北大学前身的学生或教师担任部长或副部长,正副部长中有6位出自西北大学前身;战事甫定,甚至西路战役尚未完全结束,张凤翙大都督即亲任西北大学创设会会长,由五学堂合组创设西北大学,并使其成为陕西辛亥革命失败后存留的唯一成果。

英文摘要：

The primitive periodical literature in the recent discovery has showed the historical facts that five schools in the late Qing Dynasty participated in the Revolution of 1911 in Shaanxi and the Predecesor of Northwest University was born in the Revolution of 1911,and it has provided a new clue for the Revolution of 1911 in the research of northwest China.The research also showed that Shaanxi Higher School,the predecessor of Northwest University witnessed students′ strikes to protect the rights and the interests of the railroads and it has greatly shaked the throne of the Qing Dynasty,thus it is the prelude of the Revolution of 1911 in Shaanxi.The students from the predecessor of Northwest University who studied in Japan coordinated the Shaanxi strike by forming associations and producing publications.Ma Lingfu and Zhang Weisen,as the representatives of the study-abroad students returned homeland to attend Sun Yat-sen′s temporary president inauguration,and collect military expenses for protecting Shaanxi Province.The headquarters of the revolts in Shaanxi in the Revolution of 1911 were located in Shaanxi Higher School,and the teachers and the students took an active role in organizing bombing teams,attacking and capturing Fengxiang City,starting local revolts,helping maintaining local order and supporting the finance after the Revolution of 1911.Out of the 16 ministers and vice-ministers in the eight departments in Qinlong Fuhan Military Government,five were from Shaanxi Higher School.When the Revolution was nearing its end,Zhang Fenghui,the chief commanding officer became the chairman of the Establishment Association to start Northwest University with the help of five schools,making it the only remaining fruit after the failure of the Revolution of 1911.