中文摘要：

为了探讨不同生境、不同季节对鸟类群落结构及多样性的影响,笔者于2012年3月至2013年2月采用样线调查法对湖南省永州市的鸟类群落组成进行了调查。结果表明,记录到的鸟类共计9目33科121种,该地的夏候鸟有26种,留鸟59种,冬候鸟20种,旅鸟16种。在85种繁殖鸟中,东洋界鸟类有48种,占繁殖鸟总数的56.47%。从数量上看,留鸟是鸟类的构建主体;从整体上看,鸟类的物种数和总数量在春季和秋季呈现高峰,冬季最低。在不同季节中,春季的鸟类多样性指数和均匀度指数最高,分别为2.9901和0.7245;在不同生境中,全年鸟类多样性指数由高到低依次为灌草丛地〉农田〉林地〉水域〉村庄,均匀度指数为灌草丛地〉农田〉水域〉林地〉村庄。

英文摘要：

The impact of different habitats and seasons on the community structure of birds was investigated by line transect method in Yongzhou, Hunan province from March in 2012 to February in 2013. The results showed that there were 121 species which belong to 9 orders and 33 families. Among of which, there were 26 summer visitors, 59 residents, 20 winter visitors and 16 passing migrants. Additionally, there were 85 breeding birds including 48 Oriental species （56.47%） in the study area. The resident birds were the dominant bird group in terms of bird abundance. The bird community structure of Yongzhou varied in seasons and two peaks of the species number and population abundance were observed in spring and autumn, and the lowest value was observed in winter. The highest Shannon-Wiener index （ 2. 9901 ） and evenness index （0.7245） were observed in spring. The highest total Shannon-Wiener index was observed in mountain shrub, followed by farmland, woodland, water area and village, and the highest evenness index was also observed in mountain shrub, followed by farmland, water area, woodland and village.