中文摘要：

针对现有窑法磷酸工艺中磷矿还原率低、热质传递差、结圈堵料等问题，将流态化技术应用于磷矿的还原反应。通过对布风板压降、操作弹性、流化质量、高温流态化还原磷矿反应的研究，考察了4种布风板的性能，并与固定床的热模实验结果进行了比较。实验结果表明：随着气速的增加，直孔布风板的压降以二次函数的形式增长，斜孔布风板则呈现一次函数的关系，且斜孔布风板的阻力损失与床层压降均高于直孔布风板；对于圆面斜孔布风板，曲线压力波动最小，流化质量最好；斜孔布风板的磷矿还原率均高于直孔布风板，说明斜孔孔道有利于磷矿的还原反应；在硅钙摩尔比为3．0、反应温度1300℃时，圆面斜孔布风板的还原率可达98．26％，且流化床还原磷矿较固定床好。

英文摘要：

In view of the problems in kiln phosphoric acid process, such as low reduction rate of phosphate ore, poor heat and mass transfer, and agglomeration of feed materials, the fluidization technology was applied to the reduction reaction of phosphate ore. The pressure drop of gas distributor, operation flexibility, fluidization quality, and high temperature fluidized reduction of phosphate ore were investigated to evaluate the performance of 4 types of gas distributor, and the results were compared with the experimental results of thermal model in the fixed bed. The results show that with the increase of gas flow rate, the pressure drop of the straight-hole distributor increases in the form of quadratic function, while the pressure drop of the slant-hole distributor increases in the form of linear function. Both resistance loss and bed pressure drop of the slant-hole distributor were higher than those of the straight-hole distributor. For the cylindrical slant-hole distributor, the pressure fluctuation is minimal, and the fluidization quality is the best. The reduction rate of phosphate ore using slant-hole distributor is better than that using straight-hole distributor, indicating that slant hole is conducive to the reduction of phosphate ore. When the mole ratio of silicon to calcium is 3.0, at 1 300℃, the reduction rate using cylindrical slant-hole distributor is 98.26%. The fluidized bed has advantages over the fixed bed in the reduction of phosphate ore.