中文摘要：

为了应对城市化对区域水环境的不利影响,我国各地都在积极倡导城市低影响开发（LID）,鼓励建设海绵城市。城市雨水花园是目前国际上广泛推崇的一项措施,通过对雨洪的拦蓄,增加入渗,削减污染物的输出。为了研究填充介质以及降雨特征对雨水花园效果的影响,以砂、土分层以及均质黄土2种不同填料雨水花园2a的监测数据,研究了花园对雨水径流总量和洪峰的削减效果,并分析了雨水花园在海绵城市建设中的积极作用。结果表明：在2a监测期内,分层填料雨水花园对14场降雨的水量的削减范围为12.0%～85.9%,平均为44.3%;对径流峰值削减范围为11.2%～93.3%,平均为55.8%;均质黄土填料的花园水量削减范围为9.8%～79.8%,平均39.2%;峰值削减范围为20.3%～89.8%,平均50.5%,分层填料雨水花园对峰值和水量削减均都高于均质黄土填料雨水花园。2个雨水花园的水量削减均与降雨量呈负相关关系,对中小型降雨的水量削减效果更为显著。西安市年内降雨多以中、小型降雨为主,两者之和占总降雨量的69.8%。如果以目前研究区海绵城市建设目标中年径流总量消减80%为控制目标,分层雨水花园和均质雨水花园对小雨的海绵城市完成率分别为98.5%和92.5%;对于中雨,分层和均质填料雨水花园的海绵城市完成率分别为69.0%和62.3%。研究还发现,雨水花园对雨水径流的削减能力与降雨前期的干旱天数呈正相关关系;鉴于研究区——西安雨热同期,雨水花园内土壤水分疏干较快,且降雨间隔天数平均4.25d,此类气候特点有利于雨水花园在该地区高效运行。

英文摘要：

In order to combat the adverse impact of urbanization on regional water environment,low impact development and sponge city construction have been advocated in many places in China.Rain gardens have been widely appreciated in the world,because they can retain rainfall water,increase local infiltration,and reduce pollutant export.Based on the monitoring data of 2years,this paper investigated the effects of rain gardens with 2different fillers（sand-soil layered filler and homogeneous loess filler）on rainfall runoff and peak flow reduction under different rainfall intensity,in order to study the effects of filler and rainfall characteristics on runoff reduction of rain garden and its impact in the sponge city construction.The results showed that for the14 rainfall events monitored in 2years,the rain garden with layered filler decreased the rainfall runoff amount by 12.0% ～85.9%,with an average decreasing rate of 44.3%,and decreased the peak flow by11.2%～93.3%,with an average decreasing rate of 55.8%.The rain garden with homogeneous loess filler reduced rainfall runoff amount by 9.8%～79.8%,with an average decreasing rate of 39.2%,and decreased the peak flow by 20.3%～89.8%,with an average decreasing rate of 50.5%.The rain garden with layered filler led to more significant reductions in runoff amount and peak flow than uniform loess rain garden.In both kinds of rain garden,the reduction in rainfall runoff was negatively correlated with the rainfall amount,especially for low and moderate intensity rainfall events.In the study area（Xi＇an city）,the rainfall eventswere dominated by low and moderate intensity rainfall events,the precipitation of which accounted for69.8% of total annual precipitation.According to the goal of reducing 80% annual runoff amount in sponge city construction,the runoff reductions of rain gardens with sand-soil layered filler and homogeneous loess filler reached the 98.5% and 92.5% of required levels,respectively,under low intensity rainfall events,while reached69.0%and 62.3% of re