中文摘要：

目的了解中国婴幼儿轮状病毒（Rv）腹泻流行特点和分子流行病学特征，为Rv疫苗的研制提供动态信息。方法对中国2003--2010年监测年限≥1年的涵盖19个省、4个自治区、4个直辖市（共33个市、6个县）的74篇关于RV腹泻流行病学研究的文献进行系统综述，并结合新疆乌鲁木齐婴幼儿RV腹泻研究状况作相应分析。结果根据74篇文献统计，住院腹泻患儿RV中位检出率为47．4％（19．7％-64．9％）；门诊腹泻患儿中位检出率为34．1％（23．3％-38．9％）；部分报道门诊和住院中腹泻患儿的中位检出率为37．6％（9．6％-65．6％）。人群中，6月-2岁的婴幼儿依然是RV感染的主要人群，流行高峰从每年9月一次年2月，不同年份不同地区略有差异。2003-2010年中国流行的RV优势株为G3P[8]，其次为G1P[8]。结论RV流行株具有多样性且动态变化，新基因型偶有检出，表明长期监测RV的流行情况是必要的。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the epidemic features and molecular epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus（RV） diarrhea among infants and young children, and provide dynamic information for preparation of RV vaccine, nethods Seventy-four literatures on RV diarrhea research which momitored for 1 year or more cove~d 19 provinces, 4 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities（33 cities, 6 counties） in China from 2003 to 2010 Were reviewed. The status of RV infection in Ununqi, Xinjiang were also analysed. Results The median detective rate of RV in hospitalized children with diarrhea was 47.4% （19.7%-64.9%）, and the rate in outpatient with diarrhea was 34. I% （23.3%- 38.9% ）. The median detective rate of RV in part of inpatient and outpatient was 37.6% （9.6%-65.6%）. Children aged from 6 months to 2 years were still the main population of RV infection. Peak season of RV disease each year was from September to next February, there were slightly differences in different regions and different years. G3P [8] was the most prevalent in China from 2003 to 2010, followed by G1P [ 8]. Conclusions RV prevalent strains are diverse and fluctuated and novel strains are emergencing occasionally, which indicate the necessity to conduct long-term rotavirus surveillance in China.