中文摘要：

2009年以沈阳市蔬菜生产示范基地为平台,研究不同轮作模式对消减设施菜地土壤氮、磷淋移和蔬菜硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐积累的作用。结果表明：经过一年的蔬菜种植后,设施菜地土壤pH呈下降趋势,下降了0.09～0.47单位;与本底相比,菜地土壤表层的全磷含量明显升高,速效磷含量（86.80～161.04mg·kg-1）明显高于60mg·kg-1的警戒指标,设施菜地土壤硝态氮（NO3--N）含量较高,并发生明显的淋移;除菠菜中亚硝酸盐含量超标外,3种轮作模式下的蔬菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量都符合国家无公害蔬菜安全标准;针对保护地土壤酸化、磷素累积和NO3--N淋移现状,应采取相应措施予以恢复;从3种轮作模式的结果看,在油菜-黄瓜-豇豆轮作模式下,土壤对pH的变化幅度最小,且土壤NO3--N的淋移现象较弱,氮、磷的回收率也较高,但在消减土壤磷淋移以及蔬菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐积累方面效果不明显。

英文摘要：

In 2009,a field experiment was conducted at the demonstration base of vegetable production in Damintun town of Shenyang City,Liaoning Province to study the effects of different rotation regime on the reduction of soil nitrogen and phosphorus downward translocation and of vegetable nitrate and nitrite accumulation.After one year planting,as compared with background values,the soil pH decreased by 0.09-0.47,surface soil total phosphorus （TP） content increased significantly,surface soil available phosphorus （AP） content was 86.80-161.04 mg·kg-1,being significantly higher than the warning index （60 mg·kg-1）,and soil nitrate content was rather high,with an obvious downward translocation.Under the test three rotation regimes,the planted vegetables except spinach had the nitrate and nitrite concentrations accorded with the National safety standards for green vegetables.Among the rotation regimes tested,rape-cucumber-cowpea had the smallest variation range of soil pH,weaker downward translocation of soil nitrate,and higher nitrogen and phosphorous recovery,but less effect on the reduction of soil phosphorous downward translocation and of vegetable nitrate and nitrite accumulation.It was suggested that appropriate management practices should be taken to prevent the acidification,phosphorus accumulation,and nitrate downward translocation of facility vegetable soils.