中文摘要：

主要尿蛋白（MUPs）属于脂质运载蛋白家族,具有保守的中心疏水β链桶状特征性结构域,具有调节种属内与种属间个体间化学信息交流的功能.MUPs主要在肝合成并分泌入血,作为载体与信息素等亲脂性小分子结合,延长其半衰期,一并从肾过滤排泄入尿液,延缓尿迹中信息素的挥发,从而延长信息素的作用时间.啮齿类动物的MUPs本身具有高度多态性,能够发挥类似信息素的作用直接编码个体信息,调节种属内的生物活动.此外,MUPs还能够发挥利它素的功能引起其它种属的畏惧反应.新近研究发现,MUPs受到机体营养状态的调节,与代谢性疾病及糖脂代谢密切相关,但机制尚不清楚.MUPs的功能和机制探索对于化学信息交流与糖脂代谢研究具有重要意义.本文旨在对MUPs的最新研究结果展开简要综述及讨论.

英文摘要：

Major urinary proteins（MUPs） belong to the lipocalin superfamily,which characterized by a conserved structure of β-barrel containing 8 β-strands.MUPs are secreted from the liver and play an essential role in the regulation of chemical communication among individuals intra-or inter-species.As the carriers to regulate intra species chemical communication,MUPs bind to pheromones to the central hydrophobic cavity to extend the lifetime of pheromones in circulation.When excreted from the kidney,the MUP-pheromone complexes can slow down the evaporation of bounded pheromones from urine marks,thus to prolong the functional time of pheromones.In rodent,the highly polymorphic profiles of MUPs in the urine serve as signatures of individual identities,or as the kairomones to elicit fear behavior among species.Recently,MUPs were shown to be involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism via a mechanism that remained unclear.In the present paper,the latest progresses in the studies of MUPs functions were briefly reviewed and discussed.