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中文摘要：
利用上海降雨资料,分析了上海汛期降雨的变化和最大年日雨量极值的累积分布规律,近期降雨空间分布、暴雨频度和强降雨特征,及气候因子对水情灾害的影响。结果显示,汛期雨量大小对水情灾害影响较为复杂,大暴雨或强降雨是造成水情灾害的重要原因。初步探讨和提出了气候因子的灾害危险评估方法,并对上海各区（县）近期的暴雨灾害影响进行了危险评估;暴雨对上海地区水情灾害影响差异明显,崇明、市中心区和浦东新区暴雨灾害危险较大,南部地区的青浦、金山、奉贤和松江区危险较小。
英文摘要：
The change of precipitation during flood season in Shanghai, the accumulation distribution law of daily precipitation maximum in flood year were discussed and the impact of spatial precipitation distribution , rainstorm frequency, feature of rainstorm and climate factor in recent period on flood disaster in Shanghai was explored. The results show that the impact of flood season precipitation on flood disaster is complicated ; heavy rainstorm or strong rainstorm is the main reason for flood disaster. Disaster hazard assessment method of climate factor was discussed and proposed, and the hazard assessment was made for recent influence of rainstorm disaster in each district （coun- ty） of Shanghai. The impact of rainstorm on Shanghai varies obviously ： there is bigger rainstorm disaster risk in Chongming, central urban, and Pudong New District; while smaller in southern part such as Qingpu, Jinshan, Fengxian, and Songjiang.
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