中文摘要：

自由界面形成和控制是加速器驱动的次临界系统（ADS）无窗靶研究的重要内容。本文通过水模拟实验,结合360°全尺度模拟计算,验证了自由界面的特征主要受入口速度和出口压力控制,得到了自由界面长度随入口速度增大而二次递减、随出口压力增大而线性递减的结论。对流场的结构和特征进行了研究,说明了漩涡区域对自由界面流动的影响。采用VOF界面追踪方法、大涡湍流模型（LES）以及PISO算法进行瞬态模拟计算,计算得到的自由界面流动和流场结果均与实验结果符合较好,表明计算模型和方法可用于液态重金属靶的流体力学计算。

英文摘要：

The formation and control of free surface are the most essential parts in the studies of windowless target in accelerator driven sub‐critical system （ADS ） . Water model experiments and 360° full scale three dimensional simulations were conducted . The experimental study demonstrates that the free surface is significantly affected by the inlet flow velocity and outlet pressure . The length of free surface decreases in the second order with the increase of inlet flow velocity ,while it decreases linearly with the outlet pressure .The structure and feature of flow field were investigated .The results show that the free surface is vulnerable to the vortex movement .Transient simulations were performed with volume of fluid （VOF） method ,large eddy simulation （LES） and the pressure implicit with splitting of operators （PISO ） algorithm . The simulation results agree qualitatively well with the experimental data related to both free surface flow and flow field .These simulation models and methods are proved to be applicable in the hydraulic simulations of liquid heavy metal target .