中文摘要：

通过分析可见光成像系统成像性能评价体系，引入最小可分辨对比度（MRC）评价指标，并与调制传递函数（MTF）共同评价可见光成像系统的成像性能。在MRC和MTF的测量原理基础上，设计研制出既可测量MRC又可测量MTF的装置。提出了采用两个重叠积分球分别对靶标的正反两面照明，通过改变这两个积分球的亮度就可以实现可变对比度的新方法。设计了可旋转的圆形靶标轮，将测量MRC和MTF所需的靶标置于其上，以利于实现不同参量的测量。同时，开展了一系列的实验研究。研究结果表明，测量的亮度误差均在±0．3cd·m^-2范围内，目标亮度和背景亮度稳定、重复性好，满足了设计要求；成像性能高的系统其MRC越小，而MTF曲线与空间频率轴所围的面积越大。MRC和MTF的测量可更加全面、定量和有效地评价成像系统的成像性能。

英文摘要：

By means of analyzing the evaluation system for the imaging performance of a visible imaging system,the minimum resolvable contrast （MRC） is put forward, which is used to assess the imaging performance along with the modulation transfer function （MTF）. Based on the principle of measuring MRC and MTF,the apparatus of measuring MRC and MTF is designed and developed. The novel technique is presented which adopts two coincident integrating spheres to illuminate two sides of the target respectively and the different contrasts can be achieved by regulating the luminance in two integrating spheres. The target wheel is designed to have the circular shape and be able to rotate. There are some patterns on the wheel to meet the measurement of MRC and MTF. A series of experimental researches are implemented on the apparatus. Experimental results show that the errors of measuring the luminance are within ±0.3 cd . m^-2 ,the values of target luminance and background luminance are stable and have good repeatability, which meet the design requirements. The imaging system with good imaging perform ance has lower MRC and higher MTF than that of poor imaging performance. The measurement of MRC and MTF can be applied to evaluate the imaging performance fully,quantitatively and effectively.