中文摘要：

从苗族英雄史诗《亚鲁王》及苗族丧葬仪式《指路辞》的田野调查实践中发现,在人类传统社会生活中,构成身份认同的方式可以由区域性共同生活环境、语言使用的民族性、宗教信仰的同一性、社会记忆的历史性等多层次特点所组成。民族身份作为一种文化认同的共同体,对于社会历史的记忆都有着相同的情感和来自＂本位＂的自觉保护意识。

英文摘要：

Through the investigation of fieldwork notes of the Hmong epic The King of Yalu and the Hmong funeral ceremony Words to Guide the Way,it can be found that in the traditional social life of human beings,the ways to constitute the national identity consist of regional common living environment,the nationality of language use,the unification of religious belief,the historicality of social memories and other multi-levels. National identity,as a kind of the cultural identity of the communities,has the same feelings and conscious protection sense from the ＂ standard＂ for social historical memories.