中文摘要：

隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫（简称“两虫”）是两种严重危害水质安全的病原性原生动物，但国际上常用的两虫检测方法——1623方法存在工作量大、成本高、回收率低等缺点。通过考察1623方法中浓缩、分离两个主要环节的替代方案，发现膜过滤—洗脱是比较理想的两虫浓缩方式，在免疫磁性分离（IMS）环节中酸解离比热解离的效果好。根据以上研究成果，建立了回收率较高（对两虫的回收率分别超过了30％和40％）而成本较低（为原方法的55％左右）的再生水两虫密度检测方法。进一步的研究表明，浓缩是限制低浊水（浊度约1NTU）回收率的主要步骤，而IMS是限制高浊水（浊度约4NTU）回收率的主要步骤。

英文摘要：

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are two common species of pathogenic protozoan, seriously endangering the water quality. The most frequently used method for detecting Cryptosporidium and Giardia is named as ＂method 1623＂, which has several shortages, including high cost, low recovery and others. Various means of concentration and separation, two main steps in method 1623, were evaluated. The results show that membrane filtration - elution is a more effective method for concentration. In immunomagnetic separation（IMS） step, acid separation is clearly more effective by comparison to heat separation. Based on experimental results, a procedure with higher recovery （ Cryptosporidium more than 30%, Giardia more than 40% ） and lower cost （only 55% of the ＂method 1623＂） for detecting Cryptosporidium and Giardia was suggested. Examination of the recovery of each step in this procedure indicates that the main recovery-limited step of low-turbidity （ 1 NTU） water is concentration, while that of high-turbidity （4 NTU） water is IMS.