三级胺的氧化是自然界中最基本的反应之一.利用化学方法研究三级胺的氧化反应不仅可以提供合成含氮化合物的新方法和途径,也可以帮助我们了解生命体中三级胺氧化的反应过程和机理.近十年,过渡金属催化的三级胺氧化反应取得了一些重要的研究进展.主要总结了近年来以过渡金属为催化剂,在氧化剂的条件下,三级胺氧化反应研究领域中的重要研究结果,并展望了该研究领域未来研究的重点和挑战性问题.主要分为五个部分:(1)三级胺的氧化形成氧化胺;(2)三级胺的氧化Mannich反应;(3)三级胺的氧化去甲基化反应;(4)三级胺的氧化酰胺化反应;(5)三级胺取代基的氧化转化.
The oxidation of tertiary amines is an improtant process in nature. In chemistry, organic chemists have made great efforts to study on the simulation of enzymatic funtion of oxidation with transition metal catalyst. It provide us new and efficient protocols for the synthesis of nitrogen compounds. The catalytic reactions also enhances our understanding the mechanism of the oxidation of tertiary amins in living system. During this decade, significant progress has been made in the transition metal catalyzed oxidation of tertiary amines. This review is summarized by five types of oxidative transformation of tertiary amines: (1) synthesis of N-oxides of tertiary amines; (2) oxidative Mannich reaction of tertiary amines; (3) oxidative demethylation of tertiary amines; (4) oxidative amidation of tertiary amines; (5) oxidative transformation of the substituents of tertiary amines.