中文摘要：

采用相转化/高温烧结技术方法制备了多孔钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ）中空纤维膜,中空纤维膜的外径1.92 mm,壁厚为0.21 mm。SEM分析表明：纤维膜为典型的三明治结构,靠近膜内外表面为指状孔,中间区域为海绵状层。采用阿基米德法测得其孔隙率为54%。用泡点法测得其平均孔径为0.56 m。通过表面接枝氟硅烷将其亲水性的表面改变为疏水性。真空式膜蒸馏实验表明YSZ中空纤维膜具有优异的盐水淡化性能。当膜的外侧与温度为80℃、浓度为4wt%的循环盐水接触,膜的内侧用真空泵抽至4×103Pa时,膜的水渗透通量高达48.3 L/（m2 h）,脱盐率大于99.7%。

英文摘要：

Porous yttrium-stabilized zirconia（YSZ） hollow fibers with an outer diameter of 1.92 mm,membrane thickness of 0.21 mm were prepared by a combined technique of phase inversion and sintering.The hollow fiber possessed a sandwich structure with long-finger like voids near the inner and outer walls and a thin porous sponge-like layer in the center.The porosity and average pore size of the YSZ hollow fiber were determined to be 54% and 0.56 m,respectively.The surface of the hollow fiber was converted from hydrophilic to hydrophobic by grafting with fluoroalkylsilane（FAS）.The as-prepared hydrophobic YSZ hollow fiber exhibited desired water desalination performance operating in the vacuum membrane distillation（VMD）.A water flux as high as 48.3 L/（m2 h） was attained with a salt rejection of over 99.7% by exposing the shell side of the fiber to an aqueous solution of 4wt% NaCl at 80℃ and vacuuming the lumen side to a pressure of 4×103 Pa.The membrane distillation performance of the hydrophobic porous YSZ hollow fiber is comparable to the best of polymer membrane,which is promising for water desalination application.