中文摘要：

碳纳米管的可控制生长,及其宏观尺度结构的制备,对于碳纳米管的应用具有重要的意义,为了实现准确的生长控制,对碳纳米管生长机理的深入了解是不可缺少的前提条件.文章介绍了我们近年来在碳纳米管生长机理、可控生长及其应用方面的一些进展.通过引入^13C标记法,我们证实了化学气相沉积法中碳纳米管以析出模式生长;实时改变生长的气相成份和流量,可以在碳纳米管阵列上留下标记序列,并据此测量出其生长速率及活化能.将超顺排碳纳米管阵列的合成扩展到4英寸规模,并发展了用挥发性有机溶剂处理碳纳米管线的方法,大大提高了其强度和可操作性.处理后的碳纳米管线可以方便地用于热电子源、高电流密度冷阴极以及荧光灯等.热界面材料在IT产业中具有重要的应用背景,我们用碳纳米管阵列制备的复合材料具有极高的热导率和极低的界面热阻,同时发展了化学修饰、端部剪裁、金属集热层等新技术以制备高性能的碳纳米管热界面材料.

英文摘要：

Controlled synthesis of carbon nanotubes （CNTs） and assembling them into macroscopic structures are of great importance to the applications of carbon nanotubes, and a deep understanding of the growth mechanism of carbon nanotubes would be an indispensable prerequisite for well-defined synthesis in a controllable way. Here we show some of our recent progress in carbon nanotube＇s growth mechanism, controlled synthesis, and applications. By introducing a ^13C labeling method, we revealed that the growth mechanism of the carbon nanotubes made by chemical vapor deposition （CVD） is the ＂extrusion model＂. Serials of labels can be embedded into CNTs by tuning the composition and the flow rate of the reactive gases during the growth process, and the growth rate of CNT arrays can be calculated thereby. The fabrication of super-aligned CNT arrays was expanded to 4-inch wafer scale. A novel method was invented to process the raw yarn by passing through volatile organic solvents. As a result, both the strength and manipulability were improved substantially. The processed yarn can be applied as thermal electron sources, large current density field emitters and in fluorescent tubes etc. Thermal interface materials （TIMs） has significant importance in IT industry, we prepared CNT array-polymer matrix which has very high thermal conductivity and extremely low thermal resistance. Techniques like chemical modification, tip etching and surface metal layer were explored to enhance the thermal conductivity of the CNT thermal interface materials.