中文摘要：

采用浓硝酸对层次孔炭气凝胶（HPCA-1）进行表面改性,制备了新型表面改性层次孔炭气凝胶（mHPCA-1）,并进一步研究了mHPCA-1对酸性品红（AF）的吸附行为。结果表明,浓硝酸表面改性对炭气凝胶的纳米形貌和孔结构影响不大,但可以明显提高炭气凝胶的表面含氧官能团数量,从而优化层次孔表面化学性质,使得mHPCA-1对AF表现出更高的吸附量。m HPCA-1对AF的等温吸附过程符合Langmuir方程,其对AF的吸附属于单分子层吸附,最大吸附量可达191.57 mg·g~（-1）,明显高于HPCA-1（120.92 mg·g~（-1））。吸附动力学结果证实了浓硝酸表R面改性可以显著提升层次孔炭气凝胶对AF的吸附量和吸附速率,且吸附动力学符合Langmuir速率方程。

英文摘要：

The surface of a hierarchical porous carbon aerogel （HPCA-1） was modified with nitric acid to obtain mHPCA-1.Acid fuchsin （AF） adsorption on these carbon aerogels in water was studied. Results indicate that the acid modification has trivial effects on the morphology and pore structure,but obviously increases the number of surface oxygen-containing groups. The isother-mal adsorption of AF on these modified carbon aerogels is monomolecular layer adsorption, and can be well described by the Lang-muir equation. The maximum adsorption capacity on mHPCA-1 reaches 191.57 mg·g-1,which is much higher than that on HPCA- 1 （120. 92 mg·g-1）. The adsorption kinetics can be well described by a first-order kinetic equation and the kinetic constant can be increased by the acid modification.