中文摘要：

目的：建立并优化当归简单重复序列区间（ISSR）-聚合酶链反应（PCR）体系并对6个当归品种（系）的遗传关系进行研究。方法：以ISSR-PCR扩增结果为指标,Mg2＋浓度、TaqDNA聚合酶活性、dNTPs浓度、引物浓度、DNA模板用量为5因素,通过正交、单因素试验优化ISSR-PCR体系。应用优化体系对6个不同品种（系）的当归样本进行遗传关系分析。结果：当归ISSR-PCR最佳反应体系为在20μl反应体系中含Mg2＋（10×PCR Buffer）1.5 mmol/L、TaqDNA聚合酶0.6 U、dNTPs 0.375 mmol/L、引物0.3μmol/L、DNA模板42 ng。6个当归品种（系）的多态性位点百分率为13.04%,Nei’s基因多样性指数为0.058 0,Shannon多样性指数为0.082 7。结论：建立的当归ISSR-PCR体系可用于当归分子遗传学研究,6个当归品种（系）间遗传差异较小。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE：To establish and optimize ISSR-PCR reaction system for Angelica sinensis. METHODS：The ISSRRCR reaction system were optimized by orthogonal design and single-factor design with ISSR-PCR amplification as index using Mg2＋concentration,TaqDNA polymerase activity,dNTPs concentration,primer concentration,template DNA concentration as factors. The genetic relationship of 6 varieties or strains of A. sinensis were analyzed by optimized system. RESULTS：The optimum reaction system（20 μl）contained 1.5 mmol/L Mg2＋（10×PCR Buffer）,0.6 U TaqDNA polymerase,0.375 mmol/L dNTPs,0.3 μmol/L ISSR primer and 42 ng/20 μl DNA template. The average percentage of polymorphie bands（PPB）of 6 different varieties or strains of A. sinensis was 13.04%,Nei＇s genetic diversity index（He）and Shannon＇s information index（Ⅰ）were 0.058 0 and 0.082 7.CONCLUSIONS：The established ISSR-PCR reaction system can be used to study molecular genetics of A. sinensis. The genetic differences among 6 varieties or strains of A. sinensis are small.