中文摘要：

肺癌是世界最常见的癌症,已成为癌症死亡的主要原因。microRNAs（miRNAs）是一类高度保守、内源性非蛋白编码、长度约21-24核苷酸的小分子单链RNA,在基因调控中扮演着重要的角色。miRNA相关单核苷酸多态性（miRNA-related single nucleotide polymorphisms或miR-SNPs）主要包括miRNA基因SNPs、生物合成通路相关基因SNPs和miRNA靶基因中的SNPs,可通过影响miRNA的成熟过程、表达水平及与靶mRNA的识别结合等,使miRNA调控网络发生异常,从而参与肿瘤的发生发展。本文对miRNA相关SNPs与肺癌遗传易感性关系的研究进展进行综述,旨在为肺癌等恶性肿瘤的预防和控制提供参考。

英文摘要：

Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. microRNAs （miRNAs） are a wide class of highly conservative, endogenous, non-coding, short （21-24 nt） and single-stranded RNA molecules, which play an important role in gene regulation, miRNA-related single nucleotide polymorphisms mainly include SNPs in miRNA genes, SNPs in miRNA biogenesis genes and SNPs in miRNA-binding sites, miR-SNPs can make the miRNA regulation network abnormal and have been implicated in cancer development, by influencing the mature process and expression level of miRNAs, and the identification with miRNA target sites. This review focus on the recent advances of relationship between miRNA-related SNPs and lung cancer susceptibility, thus to provide references for further researches, prevention and control of cancers, especially for lung cancer.