中文摘要：

以MgSO_4和NaOH为原料,采用静态水热法制备152型碱式硫酸镁晶须。考察了反应温度、反应物浓度和反应时间以及原料中加入Na_2SO_4对制备碱式硫酸镁晶须的影响。结果表明,碱式硫酸镁晶须的适宜合成条件为反应温度为150℃,NaOH与MgSO_4的物质的量之比为1.5∶1,NaOH浓度0.833 mol/L,反应时间为33 h。原料中加入一定量Na_2SO_4有利于针状碱式硫酸镁晶须的形成。依据0℃时Na_2SO_4-MgSO_4-H_2O体系相图,设计了白钠镁矾为原料制备碱式硫酸镁晶须并副产十水硫酸钠的工艺。

英文摘要：

In this work, 152 - basic magnesium sulfate whisker was successfully prepared by using MgSO4 and NaOH as starting materials via static hydrothermal method. The effects of temperature, concentration of reactant, time and adding NazSO4 into the raw material on the preparation of 152 - basic magnesium sulfate whisker were investigated. The results in- dicated that the suitable conditions for the preparation of 152 - basic magnesium sulfate whisker were as follows： the temperature is 150 ℃, the molar ratio of NaOH - to - MgSO4 is 1.5 ： 1, the concentration of NaOH is 0.833 mol/L and the time is 33 h. It was conducive to prepare acicular basic magnesium sulfate whisker, when a certain amount of NaESO4 was added into raw materials. In addition, the process of preparing 152- basic magnesium sulfate whisker and Na：SO4 · 10H2O using astrakhanite as raw material was designed according to the phase diagram of Na2SO4 - MgSO4 - H2O at 0 ℃.