中文摘要：

在某轨道减振与振动控制地下实验室10m埋深隧道内进行脉冲锤击试验，得到地表振动响应随水平距离的衰减规律，并建立“轨道-隧道-地层”耦合三维有限元数值模型，研究不同隧道埋深地表振动衰减规律。实测和数值模拟结果表明：地表20m区域内振动响应衰减较20m以外迅速；隧道埋深越浅，振源正上方地表振动越大；在地表20m范围内，隧道埋深越浅，地表加速度级衰减越迅速；地表振动加速度峰值包络线呈波浪型衰减，20～30m区域为垂向振动加速度第二峰值带；地表振动能量集中在30～100Hz频段。

英文摘要：

Pulse hammer tests were carried out in the 10 m deep tunnel of the Beijing Jiaotong University Laboratory of Track Vibration Abatement ＆ Control. The attenuation laws of ground vibration responses with horizontal distances were obtained. The three dimensional coupled track-tunnel-soil layers finite element models were established to study the attenuation laws of ground vibrations of tunnels of different buried depths. Measured results and numerical simulation indicate as follows： Vibration responses within the 20 m area of the ground attenuate faster than those beyond the 20 m area; the shorter the buried depth of a tunnel, the greater the ground vibrations right above the vibration source; within the 20 m area of the ground, the shorter the buried depth of a tunnel, the faster the attenuation of the ground acceleration levels; the enveloping curves of ground vibration acceleration peaks show undulating attenuation, the 20 m to 30 m area is the second peak area of vertical vibration accelerations; the ground vibration energy concentrates in the 30-100 Hz.