中文摘要：

文章介绍了水声学中的基础研究领域水下声传播影响因素和研究进展，分析了海洋环境因素对水下声传播的影响机理，给出了不同类型海域以及不同季节的水下声传播特征。文章还列举了目前水下声传播研究的热点问题：水下三维声传播和复杂海洋环境下的水下声传播不确定性研究，并阐述了它在目标探测研究中的应用。最后文章着重讨论了水下声传播的重要应用之一--自适应匹配场处理技术。

英文摘要：

The progress in research on underwater acoustic propagation is reviewed. The factors influencing underwater acoustic propagation are analyzed, and the characteristics of acous-tic propagation in different seasons and different sea areas are described. We point out various hot issues, including three-dimensional sound propagation and the uncertainty factors involved in prop-agation in complex ocean environments. Finally, we discuss an important application, the adaptive matched field processing method.