中文摘要：

黄花白及Bletillaochracea是一种地生兰科植物，也是中国传统中药材之一。以黄花白及为实验材料，对其叶和根组织中内生真菌类群组成及多样性进行分析。结果表明，从黄花白及植株的叶片和根组织块（段）中分离到可培养内生真菌140株，根据形态特征将它们鉴定为16个分类单元，其中包括10种子囊菌和6种担子菌。从叶片组织中分离的内生真菌有6种，其中刺盘孢属Colletotrichum真菌为叶片组织中的优势种类；从根组织中分离内生真菌有10种，瘤菌根菌属Epulorhiza和腊壳菌属Sebacina真菌构成了根组织内生真菌的优势类群。根组织可培养内生真菌的多样性（H＇=1．968）要高于叶片组织（H＇=1．459）。

英文摘要：

Bletilla ochracea is a terrestrial orchid, a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. In the present study, the culturable endophytic fungal communities and diversities were investigated from roots and leaves ofB. ochracea. The results showed that a total of 140 fungal strains were isolated from leaf and root tissues, and identified to 16 taxa, and 10 species of Ascomycota and 6 species of Basidiomycota were obtained. Endophytic Colletotrichum species were found to be dominant from leaf tissues, and species of Epulorhiza and Sebacina were dominant in root tissues. The diversity within roots （H＇=1.968） was higher than that within leaves （H＇=1.459）.