明清时期徽州文化表现出典型性、丰富性和完整性,其形成和发展与发生的各种要素流动有着密切联系。要素的流动改变了区域的地理环境,影响地域文化的发展进程和速度。移民导致徽州人口数量增加和素质提高,为文化发展奠定人口基础;人口增多,为了生存徽州人普遍选择外出经商生存之道,成功后将大量的利润用于家乡建设,为文化发展提供了经济基础。文章以发生在徽州人口流动和其它要素流动对明清时期高度发达的徽州文化的影响进行分析,寻求两者之间的关系,探究地域文化形成和发展的机制。
Huizhou with the mountainous terrain conditions, located in the south of Anhui Province, has no advantage in natural and geographic environment compared with other mountain areas. However, in China's Ming and Ring Dynasties, its characteristic, profound, prosperous and influential region culture became a typical representative of Chinese traditional culture of the late feudal society, constituted Chinese three region cultures together with Dunhuang and Zang cultures, showed the typicality, richness and diversity, integrity features. In different periods of Huizhou, the different flows of population brings the flow of technology, ideas, capital and other elements, which changes the political, social, economic structure and man-land relationship in Huizhou. The boom of Huizhou Culture during Ming and Qing Dynasty is closely related to several massive flows of population in Huizhou history and subsequent flows of other factors. Due to the short- age of food and increasing population, Huizhou people generally choose to go out for business or imperial examination in order to reduce the pressure of land and relieve the relationship between people and land which also improves the ecological environment. After the success abroad, traders usually invest capital in their hometown, which not only offers solid economic foundation for local economy but also leaves rich material cultural heritage. The paper takes flows of population between Han and Song Dynasty in Huizhou as main clue, on which, the paper also analyzes the impact of subsequent flows of other factors on Huizhou culture in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and seeks corresponding coupling relations between a variety of flows of human and geography environmental elements and development of the regional culture in order to explore the formation and development mechanism of the regional culture.