中文摘要：

采用液相还原法制得纳米Fe0,并采用自制恒化器从活性污泥中驯化出自养反硝化细菌.对比单独投加纳米Fe0与投加纳米Fe0及微生物时硝酸盐培养液体系的脱氮效果,包括采用分光光度法监测三氮（NO3--N、NO2--N、NH3/NH4＋-N）的浓度变化,使用pH计监测培养液中pH的变化.结合吖啶橙染色荧光显微照片,证明了在纳米Fe0-微生物体系中,生物膜在纳米Fe0腐蚀过程及生物反硝化过程中均起主导作用.在此基础上对比了分别投加纳米Fe0和微生物及投加在葡糖糖营养环境下制得的生物膜-纳米Fe0复合材料时体系的脱氮效果.结果表明,分别投加纳米Fe0和微生物时,可在10 d内将体系中的NO3--N完全去除,其中37%转化成了氨氮,其余63%应以气态反硝化产物的形式离开溶液.投加生物膜-纳米Fe0复合材料时仅需5 d即可将体系中的NO3--N完全去除,其中28%转化成氨氮,其余72%应以气态反硝化产物的形式离开溶液.实验结果同时表明生物膜-纳米Fe0复合材料具有更大的微生物量和更强的反硝化活性,适用于去除地下水中的NO 3--N污染.

英文摘要：

Nanoscale zero-valent iron（NZVI） was synthesized by reduction in liquid phase,and autotrophic denitrifying bacteria were domesticated from activated sludge by self-made chemostat.Compared the denitrifying effects of adding NZVI only with that of adding booth NZVI and bacteria in nitrate culture fluid,including investigation of three forms of nitrogen（NO-3-N,NO-2-N,NH3/NH＋4-N） by spectrophotometer,and investigating the variety of pH in nitrate culture fluid by pH meter.Combining acridine orange（AO） dyed fluorescence photomicrograph,proved that biofilm has a leading role both in corrosion process of NZVI and in process of biotic denitrification of NZVI-bacteria system.Based on this,compared denitrifying effect in the circumstance of adding NZVI and bacteria separately with that in the circumstance of adding biofilm-NZVI composite which was made with glucose providing nutrition.Result shows that in the circumstance of adding NZVI and bacteria separately,NO-3-N in the system can be removed completely within 10 days,there are 37% of NO-3-N was transformed into ammoniacal nitrogen,the rest 63% of NO-3-N should have left solution in the form of gaseous denitrifying products.In the circumstance of adding biofilm-NZVI composite,NO-3-N in the system can be removed completely within 5 days,there are 28% of NO-3-N be transformed into ammoniacal nitrogen,the rest 72% of NO-3-N should have left solution in the form of gaseous denitrifying products.Experimental result also shows biofilm-NZVI composite has a greater abundance of microorganism and is more active in denitrification,it is suitable for removing the nitrate pollutant in groundwater.