中文摘要：

蒙库大型铁矿床赋存于上志留统一下泥盆统康布铁堡组变质火山-沉积岩系中，容矿岩石为石榴子石矽卡岩、变粒岩、浅粒岩和大理岩。矿体总体顺层分布，空间上与矽卡岩密切相关。研究表明，矽卡岩期石榴子石以发育玻璃质熔融包裹体、流体熔融包裹体和流体包裹体为特征，晚期矽卡岩阶段矿物中发育液相包裹体，变质期矿物中主要发育液相包裹体和含子矿物包裹体。矽卡岩期熔融包裹体的均一温度为1100℃，早期矽卡岩阶段流体包裹体均一温度变化于193～499℃，在450℃、350℃和230℃出现峰值。中期矽卡岩阶段均一温度变化于236～550℃，峰值为350℃。区域变质期均一温度介于132～513℃，在350℃、230℃和190℃出现峰值。流体包裹体的盐度ω（NaCleq）介于1．23％-60．31％，流体密度变化于0．60-1．16g／cm^3。石榴子石、石英和方解石的δ^18 OSMOW变化于0．2‰～8．4‰，δ^18 OH2O介于-5．1‰～5．33‰，δD为-127‰--81‰，表明矽卡岩期成矿流体主要是岩浆水，混合少量大气降水；变质期流体主要为大气降水，为混合变质水。方解石δ^13CPDB变化于-6．1‰～-2．3‰，表明流体中碳来自深部或地幔。成矿时代为早泥盆世早期（略晚于404-400Ma），成矿作用与矽卡岩的退化变质作用有关。

英文摘要：

The Mengku large-size iron deposit occurs in metavolcanic-sedimentary sequence of the Upper Silurian-Lower Devonian Kangbutiebao Formation, with the host rocks being garnet skarn, granulitite, leucogranulitite and marble. Ore bodies are largely concordant with the bedding of the strata, and the distribution of the ore bodies is spatially related to skarn. Inclusions in garnet of the skarn period are dominantly glassy melt inclusions, fluidmelt inclusions and fluid inclusions. Fluid inclusions in minerals of the middle skarn stage are liquid inclusions （two-phase aqueous-type inclusions）. Fluid inclusions in minerals of the regional metamorphic period mostly contain liquid inclusions and daughter mineral-bearing inclusions. Homogenization temperatures of melt inclusions in the skarn period is 1 100℃, and homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in the early skarn stage vary from 193 to 499℃, with the peaks around 450℃, 350 ℃; and 230 ℃. Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in the late skarn stage vary from 263 to 550℃, with the peak around 350℃. Fluid inclusions in the regional metamorphic period show a wide range of homogenization temperatures from 132 to 513℃, with three peaks around 350℃, 230℃ and 190℃ respectively. Salinity ranges from 1.23 to 60.31 wt. % NaCl equiv. Ore fluid densities range from 0.64 to 1.16 g/cm^3. The δ^18OSMOW values of garnet, quartz and calcite range from 0.2‰ to 8.4‰ , with the corresponding δ^18OH2O values between - 5.1‰ and 5.33‰ , and δD values of fluid inclusions between - 127‰ and -81‰. The combined isotopic data imply that the ore-forming fluids of the skarn period in the Mengku iron deposit were mainly derived from magrnatic fluids, with a minor part from the meteoric water, and the ore-forming fluids of the regional metamorphic period was mainly derived from the meteoric water, with a minor part from the metamorphic water. The δ^13CPDB values of calcite from the Mengku iron deposit define a narrow range of -6.1‰ to