中文摘要：

为探明模拟降雨供水水质对土壤入渗性能的影响,设计了3种水质（去离子水、自来水和盐水）、2种雨强（45.5mm/h和95.54mm/h）、2种坡度（8.7%和25.9%）对黄土高原2种典型土壤（黄土和娄土）的入渗性能进行了研究。结果表明,随着供水电导率的增大,产流历时显著增大,与去离子水相比,自来水和盐水的产流历时分别延长了2.60,2.68倍（黄土）和1.58,1.85倍（娄土）;随着供水中含盐量的增大,供水水质对地表结皮发育的抑制作用更为明显,导致土壤稳渗率增大;与去离子水相比,自来水和盐水条件下,黄土和娄土的稳渗率分别增加了21.1%,15.8%和58.3%,75.0%;受产流历时及结皮发育的影响,不同供水水质条件下的累积入渗量差异显著,以60min的模拟降雨为例,与去离子水相比,黄土条件下自来水和盐水的累积入渗量均增大了1.02倍,而娄土条件下分别增大了1.63,1.87倍。结果显示人工模拟降雨供水水质显著影响土壤入渗性能,影响的程度与土壤类型密切相关,建议在相关研究中尽量采用去离子水进行人工模拟降雨试验,以提高不同区域、不同试验结果的可比性。

英文摘要：

To find out how the water quality of simulated rainfall affected the soil infiltration capacity,and its degree of influence with soil type,three rainwater（deionized,tap and saline）,two different rain intensities（45.5 mm/h and 95.54 mm/h）and two slope gradients（8.7% and 25.9%）to quantify the infiltration capacity of two typical soils（Loess and Lou）were designed in the Loess Plateau.The results showed that time to ponding significantly increased with the increasing of electrical conductivity,tap and saline rainwater delays in times to ponding by 2.60 and 2.68 times for Loess soil,and 1.58 and 1.85 times for Lou soil compared with deionized rainwater.Along with salt content of the rainwater increased,inhibition of crust formation was more obvious,steady infiltration rate increased.Tap and saline rainwater increased stable infiltration rate by 21.1% and 15.8%for Loess soil,and by 58.3% and 75.0%for Lou soil compared with deionized rainwater.Affected by time to ponding and runoff process,the accumulated infiltration contents had significantly difference under different rainwater conditions,took 60 min＇s accumulated infiltration depths for example,tap water and saline rainwater both increased 1.02 times for Loess soil,increased 1.63 and 1.87 times for Lou soil compared with deionized rainwater.The results showed that soil infiltration capacity was significantly affected by the quality of water in simulated rainfall,and closely related to soil type.Deionized water was recommended for rainfall simulation to improve the comparability of results from different areas and different experiments.