中文摘要：

阳极气泡排放过程的运动会搅动电解质,对铝电解产生很大的影响,进行铝电解阳极气泡的研究可以掌握气泡的排放与电解质流动之间的关系。通过透明电解槽拍摄了铝电解阳极气泡的析出行为,用Matlab数学软件处理了实验过程所得到的图像。确定了灰度转化、直方图规定化、二值化、气泡特征提取的技术路线。采用该技术路线可以清晰地得到铝电解阳极气泡图像,提取气泡面积、质心等特征。研究发现,直方图规定化相比直方图均衡化可以获得更加清晰地气泡图像,二值化可以清晰的提取到气泡边部轮廓。通过以上技术路线,可以清晰的观察到原始图像无法分辨的气泡。用图像处理软件Image pro-plus 6.0获得气泡大小等特征,通过连续两帧气泡图像获得气泡速度,从而为进一步研究铝电解阳极气泡奠定了基础,还可以应用于冶金反应器的水模型实验等图像分析,稀土金属等其他金属电解过程的气泡行为研究等。

英文摘要：

The movement of anode bubble discharge process could agitate the electrolyte, which had a great influence on the alumi- num electrolysis. By the research of gas bubbles behaviors on the anode of aluminum cell, the relationship between gas bubbles evolu- tion and electrolyte flow could be understood well. The photographies of anodic gas bubbles evolved from the anode were shot using transparent electrolytic cell, and the images were processed using Matlab mathematical software. After a determination of greyscale transformation, histogram specification, binarization and bubble feature extraction techniques, clear aluminum electrolysis anode bub- ble images, the characteristics of bubble size and center of mass were obtained. The study found that the histogram specification could acquire more clear bubble images than the histogram equalization. Binaryzation could easily get the edge contour. The bubbles could be distinctly observed which could not be found in the original image. The speed of the bubbles could be calculated with two continuous bubbles images whose size could be obtained with the Image pro-plus 6.0 software. The technique from this paper could establish the foundation for further study of the bubble of aluminum electrolysis anode and for the image analysis in metallurgical reactors.