中文摘要：

本文基于创新价值链式增长过程，从知识创新和成果转化两个维度构建了中小企业创新效率两阶段评价体系，并运用DEA模型测算了中部19家上市中小企业的两阶段创新效率。结果表明：整体层面，中小企业知识创新效率与成果转化效率不同步，且转化效率两极现象显著，成为制约整体创新效率提升的瓶颈；个体层面，“双高”效率企业存在“虚高”现象，“低-高”效率企业短期发展势头强劲，“双低”效率企业行业从属特征突出，“高-低”效率主流趋势明显。同时，基于倒逼机制的有效逆推法则，分别提出了四类企业创新效率的优化对策。

英文摘要：

From the innovation value chain perspective, this paper establishes a two-stage innovation efficiency evaluation system of SMEs from the dimensions of knowledge innovation and technical transformation and adopts the DEA model to measure the two-stage innovation efficiency of 19 listed SMEs in central China. The results show that as a whole, the knowledge innovation efficiency and the transformation efficiency is out of sync and polarization exists in the transformation efficiency which limits the o- verall efficiency of innovation. At the individual level, the conclusions of ＂double high effective＂ enterprises accompanied with the ＂virtual high＂ phenomenon, ＂low-high effective＂ enterprises growing well in short term, ＂double low＂ effective enterprises featured by obvious industry dependence and ＂high-low＂ effective mode being the mainstream fashion are put forward. Mean- while, based on the effective reversed analysis principle of forcing mechanism, aimed at improving the innovation effective of four types enterprises, four countermeasures are proposed respectively.