中文摘要：

环境中的重金属来源广泛,在环境中有稳定、迁移、累积的特性,已严重危胁到人类健康。控制和消除重金属污染是当今世界环境面临的紧迫问题和巨大挑战。以水环境中的重金属修复为要点,介绍了利用微藻作为吸附材料的创新型生物修复技术在污水修复领域的可行性和优势,根据微藻富集重金属的主要机制,详述了生物富集的过程以及影响吸附行为的主要因素（pH、温度、离子强度、溶解性有机质）,并指出了现阶段微藻生物富集重金属的研究重点和趋势。

英文摘要：

Heavy metals are derived from various sources,show characteristics of stable,mobile and accumulative in environment,and cause serious damage to humans. The control and elimination of heavy metal pollution become an urgent problem as well as a big challenge to the present world environment. The article was focused on heavy metal removal from aquatic environment,and introduced the innovative bioremediation using microalgae as the adsorbing material,which showed feasibility and advantages in sewage remediation. The paper described the biosorption process according to the mechanism of metal removal adapted by microalgae,and the impact of some key factors,such as pH,temperature and ion strength. The paper also pointed out the study trend of microalgae as the adsorbing material of heavy metals biosorption.