中文摘要：

为揭示板栗总苞、坚果等表型性状的变异程度及不同表型性状间的相关关系，分别采用描述性统计分析法、方差分析法、Duncan多重比较法和相关分析法对部分板栗种质的总苞与坚果的10个表型指标进行了分析。研究发现：板栗总苞长度、宽度、高度及坚果高度、宽度、厚度6个性状的变异较小，变异系数均在5%～10%之间；总苞体积、总苞质量以及坚果质量、坚果体积4个性状的变异较大，变异系数多在10%～25%之间，表型多样性丰富，处于较高水平；不同种质间存在不同程度的表型差异；板栗总苞质量与总苞长度、宽度、高度及坚果高度、厚度、质量呈正相关，坚果质量与总苞质量及坚果长度、宽度、厚度呈正相关，与总苞长度、宽度、高度无显著相关关系；总苞发育与其内部坚果发育在质量上互呈正相关。

英文摘要：

s：In order to reveal phenotypic variation degree of involucres and nut in Castanea mollissima and relationships between different phenotypic characteristics, ten phenotypic indexes of involucres and nut in some C. mollissima germplasm were analyzed respectively by using the methods of descriptive statistics, variance analysis, Duncan’s multiple comparative and correlation analysis. The results show that among the ten phenotypic indexes, six indexes have lower variation, including length, width, height of involucres and height, width, thickness of nut, and the coefifcient of variation is at 5%-10%. Others have higher variation, including involucres volume, involucres mass, nut volume and nut mass, and the coefifcient of variation is almost at 10%-25%, which means these indexes have a higher level of phenotypic diversity. Signiifcances of phenotypic differences among germplasm resources are different. Involucres mass has positive correlations with involucres length, involucres width, involucres height, nut height, nut thickness and nut mass. Nut mass has positive correlations with involucres mass, nut length, nut width and nut thickness, and no signiifcant correlations with length, width and height of involucres.